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Home care agencies provide non-medical assistance with daily activities — bathing, dressing, meal preparation, companionship, and light housekeeping. Services are typically private pay or covered by long-term care insurance. No medical license is required for caregivers.

Home health agencies are Medicare-certified and provide skilled medical services in the home — nursing visits, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and home health aide services. Referrals typically come from a physician following a hospitalization or qualifying medical event.

Assisted living communities serve older adults who need help with daily activities but do not require around-the-clock skilled nursing. Residents live in private or semi-private rooms in a licensed facility or residential home. Assisted living is not a behavioral health setting — residents are not required to have a psychiatric or substance use diagnosis. Licensed by the Virginia Department of Social Services (DSS).

Group homes are licensed by the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services (DBHDS) and serve individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD), mental health conditions, or substance use disorders. They provide structured residential support with varying levels of staff supervision. Group homes are distinct from assisted living — they serve working-age adults with behavioral health or developmental diagnoses, not primarily elderly residents.

Direct care staff and independent caregivers provide hands-on support with activities of daily living — bathing, dressing, meal preparation, medication reminders, companionship, and light housekeeping. If you are an individual caregiver (not an agency) looking to be matched with clients or facilities, register here with your availability, pay expectations, and service areas.